从中生代花岗岩的形成机制探讨水系的成因──珠江下游为例     

张珂 《热带地理》1996,(4)

珠江下游较大河道总是绕开中生代晚期花岗岩的现象无论用岩性、断裂或现代地形都难以解释,而运用花岗岩原地重熔说的观点却迎刃而解,这些河道实际上是遗传河,其形成于中生代晚期花岗岩背斜（或穹窿）之间的相对低洼地带,渐新世才开始贯通,形成外流型河流,此格局没有发生大的改变而保留至今．  相似文献   

Lake levels in the southern Bolivian Altiplano (19°–21°S.) during the Late Glacial based on diatom studies     

Florence Sylvestre  Simone Servant-Vildary  Marc Fournier  Michel Servant 《International Journal of Salt Lake Research》1995,4(4):281-300

This study is focused on the endorheic Uyni-Coipasa Basin located in the southern Bolivian Altiplano. Stratigraphical and fossil diatom studies based on a detailed radiocarbon chrnology revealed six phases in water-level changes and paleosalinity variations. At 15,430±80 yr B.P., lacustrine conditions settled in the southern Bolivian Altiplano. A saline lake, characterized by benthic meso-metasaline species, reached +4 m altitude above the present bottom of the basin. After 15,430±80 yr B.P., the level rapidly rose to +27 m, as suggested by a tychoplanktonic mesosaline flora. Between 14,500 years and 13,000 years, finely lanminated sediments at +32 m contained successively a dominance of epiphytic mesosaline to hypersaline species and tychoplanktonic oligosaline diatoms, indicating weak fluctuations in water-level and salinity. At 13,000 years, strong changes in the diatom flora occurred; epiphytic oligo-hypersaline diatoms were replaced by planktonic meso-polysaline species. They indicate a deep salt lake (the lake reached +100 m). After 12,000 years, the lake level abruptly dropped, as suggested by fluviatile sediments with a benthic mesopolysaline diatom flora. The main lake was replaced by shallow saline ponds. A wet pulse occurred at 11,400 years, characterized by low water level (+7 m) and high salinity. This lacustrine phase remained until 10,400 yr B.P. These data indicate changes in Precipitation minus Evaporation (P-E). Our regional interpretations are based on a comparison with teh available data on the northern (Lake Titicaca) and southern (Lipez are) Bolivian Altiplano and on the northern Chilean Altiplano (Atacama Desert).  相似文献   

内蒙古鄂温克族自治旗红花尔基斜长花岗岩的发现及锆石SHRIMP UPb测年结果          下载免费PDF全文

宋蕊蕊  臧进前  韩艳超 《山东国土资源》2016,32(5)

内蒙古鄂温克族自治旗红花尔基一带基岩出露情况差,地质工作程度低,以往工作所发现的侵入岩均划分进入中石炭世。通过对1∶5万区域地质调查工作,对发现的斜长花岗岩进行锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年,所获得年龄为(172.2±1.3)Ma,更改为中侏罗世侵入体。推断红花尔基斜长花岗岩的形成是为中生代中、小块体之间的俯冲碰撞触发了新元古代加入地壳的亏损地幔物质熔融所形成。  相似文献   

A review of the upper Campanian vertebrate site of Armuña (Segovia Province,Spain)     

《Cretaceous Research》2016

The Upper Cretaceous outcrops of Armuña (Segovia Province, Spain) yielded relatively abundant material of vertebrates during prospection and excavation in the second half of the 1980s. However, little has been published on these remains. A new analysis of the specimens from this upper Campanian site reveals the presence of some clades in the site for the first time (e.g., Dortokidae, Anguimorpha, Mosasauroidea). Furthermore, the material of the clades previously recognized there has been reviewed and described in more detail, with some previous systematic attributions confirmed and others refuted. Consequently, a relatively high local diversity has been identified. New taxa (i.e., a member of Anguimorpha and a eusuchian crocodyliform) are identified in Armuña, coexisting with other taxa previously described in other sites from the Iberoarmorican Realm. The vertebrates from Armuña confirm that the fauna from the Upper Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula is composed of a mixture of European endemic clades and lineages shared with other continents such as North America (e.g., anguimorphs) and Africa (e.g., bothremydids).  相似文献   

陕西省汉滨区沈坝-柳坑金矿区岩浆岩与成矿关系探讨     

杨宏宇  杨兴科  王新  唐明峰  韩珂 《地质论评》2016,62(S1):363-364

南秦岭构造带自元古代开始就发生了一系列构造运动,不仅具有重要的造山理论研究意义,而且形成了丰富的矿产资源,因此受到中外地质学家的广泛重视,成为国内外地学界的研究热点之一。研究区位于南秦岭陆内造山带南部印支-燕山构造变形带内,二级构造单元属于南秦岭-北大巴山多层次韧性滑脱逆冲推覆褶皱带（杨兴科等,2016;高雅宁等,2016;唐永忠等,2012）。研究区附近金矿床（点）众多,包括研究区北部的金斗坡金矿、白果树金矿、柳树坪金矿,西部的长沟金矿、鹿鸣金矿、黄龙金矿、羊坪湾金矿以及东部的烂木沟金矿等,这些金矿床均产出于脆-韧性剪切带内（李福让等,2009;杨本召等,2010;刘林等,2012）,为研究区提供了良好的成矿背景。区内岩浆活动频繁,以印支晚期-燕山早期的中酸性岩为主,但其与金矿成矿关系函需解决。因此本文在充分总结沈坝-柳坑金矿区地质特征的基础上,利用化学分析以及锆石定年技术确定岩浆年龄,并讨论与金矿成矿的关系。  相似文献   

Distributional patterns of enchodontoid fishes in the Late Cretaceous     

《Cretaceous Research》2016

Enchodontoidei are extinct marine teleost fishes with a long temporal range and a wide geographic distribution. We propose here to apply Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity (PAE), Track Analysis and Brooks Parsimony Analysis (BPA) to analyze the distributional patterns of these fishes during the Late Cretaceous. Matrices were built according to their respective geological age in the Late Cretaceous. The occurrence data of enchodontoids produced consistent results for the Cenomanian, Turonian, and Santonian. The generalized track found for the Cenomanian (GT 1) can be associated to oceanic currents, whereas for the Turonian the generalized tracks (GT 2, GT 3 and GT 4) were associated with eutrophication/sedimentation effects. During the Santonian, the third Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE 3) promoted vicariant events that could explain the generalized track found therein (GT 5). The BPA recovered the area formed by Middle East and Europe, which is congruent with GT 1 and GT 5.  相似文献   

A new Late Cretaceous genus and species of polypore fungus beetles (Coleoptera,Tetratomidae) from northern Myanmar     

《Cretaceous Research》2016

A new polypore fungus beetle is described and illustrated, under the name of Thescelostrophus cretaceus gen. et sp. nov., representing the first documented occurrence of the tribe Eustrophini. The well-preserved specimen was collected from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian, ca. 99 Ma) amber near the Hukawng Valley of northern Myanmar. This fossil species can be assigned to the extant subfamily Eustrophinae based on its elongate oval and strongly narrowed posteriorly body, simple and narrow tarsi, and somewhat clubbed antennomeres. The comparison among the extinct and extant eustrophines supports the previous hypothesis that antennal morphology of early eustrophines was very diverse. Additionally, an overall similarity between Thescelostrophus and extant eustrophines suggests a potential fungivory of this fossil species. Morphological characters preserved in the Burmese amber highlight the diversity of tetratomids during the Late Mesozoic and provide data for future phylogenetic studies of Tetratomidae.  相似文献   

Determining the drivers of long‐term aridity variability: a southern African case study          下载免费PDF全文

Manuel Chevalier  Brian M. Chase 《第四纪科学杂志》2016,31(2):143-151

This paper highlights the importance of differentiating between precipitation amount and moisture availability (‘humidity’/‘aridity’) when considering proxy records of climate change. While the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, moisture availability is determined by both (i) precipitation amount and (ii) temperature, through its influence on potential evapotranspiration. As many palaeoenvironmental proxies reflect changes in this water balance rather than purely precipitation amount, it is important to distinguish between the potential relative influences of precipitation and temperature if those records are to be interpreted in terms of climate mechanisms and/or compared with model outputs. As a case study, we explore how precipitation and temperature have determined moisture availability in South Africa's summer rainfall zone over the last 45 000 years. Using quantitative reconstructions of mean annual temperature, summer rainfall amount and an aridity index, our analysis reveals strong spatiotemporal variability in the relative influences of precipitation and temperature on aridity. Temperature is shown to have exerted a considerable and even dominant influence on moisture availability, resulting in elevated humidity during the last glacial period, despite significant reductions in precipitation amount.  相似文献   

Review of the Late Cretaceous-early Paleogene crocodylomorphs of Europe: Extinction patterns across the K-PG boundary     

《Cretaceous Research》2016

Although the European dinosaur succession during the latest Cretaceous and its relationship with the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction has been the focus of recent work, other continental vertebrates, such as crocodylomorphs, have received less attention. The European continental record of crocodylomorphs in general, and of eusuchians in particular, is relatively dense through the Maastrichtian until the K-Pg boundary. Traditionally it has been argued that continental crocodylomorphs were minimally impacted by the K-Pg extinction, but they were substantially affected in Europe with the disappearance of endemic eusuchians such as Hylaeochampsidae, Allodaposuchus and their close relatives, and non-eusuchians such as Doratodon or Theriosuchus. Despite extensive sampling in Danian continental deposits, only scarce fragmentary crocodylomorph remains have been cited. It is not until the late Paleocene and Eocene that a recovery in continental crocodylomorphs is observed. The presence of taxa such as planocraniids, the alligatoroids Diplocynodon and Hassiacosuchus, and stem crocodyloids during this period provide the first reliable continental records of Crocodylia in Europe and is best explained by post-extinction immigration from Asia or North America. By contrast, marine forms such as Thoracosaurus are found on both sides of the K-Pg boundary in Europe. The adaptation of these marine animals to different environments, from shallow seas to more transitional or fluvial environments, could be the key to their success and survival across the K-Pg boundary, as seen in other marine crocodylomorph clades such as Dyrosauridae.  相似文献   

A densely feathered ornithomimid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation,Alberta, Canada     

《Cretaceous Research》2016

A recently discovered articulated partial skeleton of Ornithomimus from the Upper Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada is remarkable in the extent and quality of preservation of integumentary structures including feathers. It is the first ornithomimid to preserve a tail bearing extensive plumaceous feathers that are slightly more elongate in comparison to those present on the remainder of the body. However, the underside of the tail and the hind limb distal to the middle of the femur appear devoid of plumage. Overall, the plumage pattern in Ornithomimus is similar to that of Struthio camelus (ostrich) and other large palaeognaths, indicating a probable function in thermoregulation. The specimen also preserves the body outline around the legs, including a skin contour anterior to the femur, analogous to skin webs in extant birds. Whereas the knee web of birds bridges the knee to the abdomen, in Ornithomimus it spans from the mid-femoral shaft to the abdomen, and is herein referred to as an anterior femoral web. This is the first report of such soft tissue structures in non-avian theropods. It may indicate that the resting position of the femur was positioned more anteroventrally in ornithomimids than in most theropods, and in that sense may have been transitional to the situation in modern birds.  相似文献